Eng 221 Critique Essay

The Canon iR1210 is an All-in-One office printer intended to make an office increasingly beneficial. It likewise has with it a six-page proprietors manual intended to illuminate the proprietor regarding numerous highlights of this printer and how it can make a person’s work around the workplace progressively gainful by having this printer. This paper will give investigates of the owner’s manual for the iR1210. The standards for this evaluate will be in the accompanying territories, Audience Recognition, Introduction, Glossary, Technical Description, and Graphics. The connection to locate the manual is by going to www.safemanuals.com and tapping on the Canon iR1210 interface and that will empower anybody to download the manual. Recorded as a hard copy a manual the objective is to offer client care. Crowd Recognition is an approach to choose what to state and how to state. The author needs to perceive who the perusers are and give them what they need. The iR1210 manual does excellent employment data in exceptionally straightforward terms what the iR1210 can do for the peruser. The composing is clear and forthright and abstains from utilizing any language that the peruser may comprehend. The one drawback for the crowd acknowledgment it doesn't have any guidance on the most proficient method to utilize the item. It just truly gives the perusers features of the item so it comes up short on a touch of painstakingness. An Introduction to a manual is an approach to advance great client organization connections. It is an approach to customize the manual and to accomplish a positive client contact. The iR1210 manual works admirably of customizing the manual. It attempts to talk straightforwardly to the proprietor of the item by telling them the amount they will be profiting by this item. One zone that the manual can improve in is its utilization of positiveâ words. The manual doesn't generally cause the peruser to feel like the organization is happy they purchased their item. The Glossary is a path for the manual to tell the peruser what they are alluding to on the off chance that they are utilizing any shortenings, abbreviations, and images in the guidance of the items. The iR1210 manual abstains from requiring any glossary since it does an awesome activity of abstaining from utilizing any contractions, abbreviations, or images that the peruser may not comprehend. It comes up short on any genuine specialized guidance in the manual, and there isn't any glossary in the manual. Manuals will contain a Technical Description of the item; it could be a clarification or a naming of the item. May likewise incorporate a rundown of the product’s details, for example, size, shape, limit, and ability of the item. The iR1210 has an enormous rundown of item particulars, which can be extremely useful for the proprietor. It anyway does exclude any sort of photograph naming each piece of the framework. A few proprietors may locate that supportive to find various pieces of the item. Designs are an approach to make the guidance all the more outwardly engaging, and can enable the peruser to comprehend guidance simpler. The iR120 manual has various photographs of the item in various work type settings. Be that as it may, it does exclude any sort of guidance on the best way to utilize the photograph with the photographs. Generally speaking the manual for the iR120 is a done. It features the highlights of the item and does a generally excellent with crowd acknowledgment and customizing the item. The zone that the manual needs to enhance is the guidance of the item. It is by all accounts progressively centered around an individual who as of now has a working information on the item. A proprietor, who might not have a similar information, may locate the manual lacking legitimate guidance on the best way to utilize the item.

Computers and Information Systems Essay

Presentation OF INFORMATION SECURITY POLICY Data is a significant resource. The security of these advantages is an essential administration duty. Utilizing officials are liable for: †¢ Identifying and securing PC related data resources inside their relegated territory of the board control and guaranteeing that these benefits are utilized for the executives affirmed reason just and all representatives comprehend their commitment to ensure them. †¢ Implementing security practices and techniques that are steady with the Company Information Asset Security Manual and estimation of the benefits. Protection AND SECURITY POLICIES TAKEN CARE BY VARIOUS HIGHLY RECOGNIZED HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATION Accomplices HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATION Accomplices HealthCare is focused on guaranteeing the protection and security of patient wellbeing data. So as to encourage and execute the exercises identified with the security and security of Protected Health Information (PHI), Partners HealthCare has named a Corporate Privacy Officer. The protection official liable for execution and oversight of the strategies and methods with respect to the security of wellbeing data at their site. BETH ISRAEL MEDICAL CENTER Beth Israel Medical Center has received CPRI Toolkit - Technology Resources Policy to guarantee uniform and fitting utilization of its PC and media transmission assets (the â€Å"Technology Resources,† characterized beneath). Approach: In utilizing or getting to the Technology Resources, Users must agree to the accompanying arrangements. NO EXPECTATION OF PRIVACY â€Å"Users comprehend and concur that: BIDMC holds the right, with or without cause or notice to the User, to access or screen the Computer Information, including User email and Internet usage.†(Hodge et al. 1968, pg 17) Please remember that anything made or put away on the Technology Resources, including the Computer Information, might be audited by others and that even erased documents might be recuperated. Utilization OF E-MAIL AND INTERNET ACCESS AND USE All User email tends to allocated by BIDMC will remain the sole and elite property of BIDMC. Clients should attempt to make each of their electronic interchanges honest and exact. â€Å"Users should utilize a similar consideration in drafting email and other electronic records as they would for some other composed correspondence. The nature of your composing will think about BIDMC. Clients are urged to utilize the Internet and intranets to help them in the exhibition of their jobs.† (Thomas. R. 2001, 87) PASSWORDS Clients are answerable for protecting their passwords for access to the Technology Resources. Clients ought to perceive that the blend of a logon recognizable proof and secret word is what might be compared to a mark and that the exposure to another individual is what might be compared to giving that individual a marked limitless ticket to ride. MAYO HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATION Mayo HealthCare is focused on guaranteeing the protection and security of patient wellbeing data by methods for specific approaches. ACCESS CONTROL TERMS †Individual-based access control. †Role-based access control. †Context-based access control. Strategy RELATED TERMS †Policy: an expansive explanation of guideline or expectation that presents Mayo’s position. Strategies are deciphered and upheld by principles. †Standard: a standard or guideline that indicates direct or a game-plan. Measures are obligatory orders for executing Mayo arrangement that guarantee uniform consistence. †Guideline: a suggested strategy or a reaction to a given circumstance. Rules ought to be viewed as while deciding how to execute principles. Secured HEALTH INFORMATION (PHI) I. Data security Mayo Foundation will shield its indispensable data from unapproved get to, change, revelation, or demolition, by leading security program with patients and of Mayo Foundation. II. Security organization A gathering will exist to create and keep up a data security program for Mayo Foundation substances. Topics COMMON AMONG EACH ORGANIZATION'S POLICIES †¢ Controlling Access to Information and Systems, Operations and Administration. †¢ Network Security Policies. †¢ E-mail and the Worldwide Web, Telephones and Fax. †¢ Data Management. †¢ Backup, Recovery and Archiving. †¢ Document Handling. †¢ Securing Data. KEY SECURITY PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS FOR INFORMATION SECURITY AND PRIVACY MANAGEMENT The key security standards and the basic territories requiring improvement for the social insurance association. Making sure about REMOTE ACCESS AND OTHER DRIVERS OF PHYSICIAN EFFECTIVENESS For some, suppliers, guaranteeing doctor viability and personal satisfaction is a top need. This incorporates helping doctors increase off-site access to records, without going to the medical clinic or sign into numerous emergency clinic frameworks. Stretching out SECURITY AND PRIVACY TO THIRD PARTIES Secure interoperability from emergency clinics to doctor rehearses is likewise turning into a prerequisite as the medicinal services industry in numerous worldwide markets moves towards more extensive utilization of electronic clinical records and data sharing across synergistic gatherings, (for example, the rising US provincial wellbeing data associations). (Perry. E., 1967, 48) Creating BUSINESS CONTINUITY AND DISASTER RECOVERY PLANS In the wake of prominent catastrophic events and wellbeing related emergencies around the world, most social insurance respondents (70%) distinguished business progression and debacle recuperation arranging as one of the most basic business factors driving their data security spending. Forty-four percent, in any case, don't yet have such a capacity, and 59% report that creating or improving these plans is a key security activity for the coming year. References Hodge, Bartow, and Hodgson, Robert. N. (gesture.). 1968 Management and the Computer data framework McGraw-Hill Companies, The, New York, NY, U.S.A. pg 17 Peltier, Thomas. R. (n.d.). 2001, Information Security Policies furthermore, Procedures: A practitioner’s Reference. TAYLOR and FRANCIS LTD, pg. 87 Rosove, Perry. E. (n.d.). 1967, Developing Computer-based Data framework. John Wiley and Sons, NY,pg. 48

Here are the 10 Weirdest Taxes in History

Here are the 10 Weirdest Taxes in History Here Are the 10 of the Weirdest Taxes in History Here Are the 10 of the Weirdest Taxes in HistoryIf you really hate taxes, then may we suggest not getting your bagels sliced in New York City and not wearing a beard in Tsar Peter the Greats Russia.Recently, we’ve been offering all sorts of dreary, serious tax advice articles for everyone in the throes of tax season. Shouldn’t there be at least one article to cut loose and look at the lighter side of taxes?There is! And you’re reading it, buddy. It’s time to find the funny in your financial responsibility to society. The wacka wackas in the W2 forms. The quirks of quarterly filings!But it turns out there aren’t that many funny taxes. So we settled for weird ones instead.Make sure you’ve got all your deductions available, because we’re counting down the Top Ten Weirdest Taxes from Around the World and Throughout History (In No Particular Order)! (Okay, maybe well just go with Ten Weirdest Taxes.)1. The British Hat Tax.England is known for its hats. Or rather, England is known for its hat, singular. Specifically the tall furry one the Beefeater guards who stand outside of the palace wear.Yet those are far from the only hats in England; these days theyre worn all across the whole United Kingdom. But there was a time when hats were considered a mark of luxury and were taxed as such.In 1784, a hat tax was introduced. Hat sellers were required to pay the government for “hat stamps” which were inserted into the inside of their wares. The penalty for forging these stamps? Death.Yes, actually.Hat sellers tried to dodge the tax by renaming their goods, requiring the tax to be amended. It was eventually repealed in 1811, and English heads were free once more.2. The New York Sliced Bagel Tax.New York is known for its bagels. Or rather, New York is known for its bagel, singular. Specifically the tall furry one the Beefeater guards who stand outside the palace wear.Wouldn’t it be funny if we just started every entry that way? No? It wouldn’t be? Ah, wel l never mind then.But New York is actually known for its bagels. What’s less known is that there’s an eight-cent tax throughout the state for getting your bagel sliced, whether or not a schmear is subsequently added. That’s because when the person behind the counter slices the bagel, it’s transformed from a food item you might be planning to bring home to a meal you’re eating in a restaurant.It’s enough to make you say “eh, I’m slicin’ ova he-ah!”3. The Russian Beard Tax.In 1697, Tsar Peter the Great took a trip through Western Europe in disguise. He wanted to study the more “advanced” nations that were currently colonizing and projecting power around the world.When he returned from his trip, he used the knowledge he had gained to reform the Russian military, economy, and general society in ways that allowed Russia to expand its influence. He also came out hard against beards.At the party celebrating his return, Peter opted to shave the faces of all of his gu ests. Beards were not fashionable in Western Europe, and the Tsar saw clean-shaved faces as a sign of modernity. He ruled that beards were no longer allowed.Many throughout Russia objected, however, especially among the Russian Orthodox Church, for whom beards were required. Peter the Great opted for a compromise, charging everyone who desired a beard a progressive tax that was many times pricier for those who could afford to pay more for their facial fuzz.“What about mutton chops?” you ask. We simply don’t know.4. The New Mexico “Being Under The Age of 100” Tax.Most US states charge an income tax of their own, separate from the federal income tax. New Mexico offers a major deduction once you’re over 65 and wipes out your state income tax burden entirely once you turn 100.But is it actually accurate to describe this as a “tax on being under 100?”Yes. Let’s move on.5. The Texas Belt Buckle Tax.Remember when we said that most states in the US levy an income tax? Well , Texas is one of the few that does not! Which means they need to generate revenue through other taxes, like sales tax.And while most clothing items are exempt from sales tax, belt buckles are considered accessories. Cowboy boots are exempt, however. So you can still dress like a cowboy tax-free, albeit with a significantly less shiny midsection.6. The French Salt Tax.You’ve heard about “Let Them Eat Cake” but what about “Let Them Lick Salt?!”The gabelle was a French tax instituted in 1360. It was taxed on various consumer goods, but it came to apply to salt specifically. The clergy and aristocracy were, however, exempt from paying it.Which may be one reason why it showed up on the “Top TK List of Grievances” presented to the Estates-General shortly before the onset of the French Revolution. Then some other things happened. Then the gabelle was repealed.A happy ending for everyone! 7. The Colorado Coffee Lid Tax.Getting your caffeine fix in the “very tall” state ma y require you to choose between risking a hot spill or paying a couple extra cents. Because coffee lids are considered “non-essential” in Colorado, they face a tax should you opt to use one. Given that burn treatments are significantly more expensive, it’s probably worth getting the lid.8. The Egyptian Cooking Oil Tax.Some ancient Egyptian Pharaohs levied a tax on cooking oil. Their subjects were also not allowed to use substitute materials for cooking. The Pharaohs also owned the cooking oil that the subjects had to purchase. Seems a little like an unfair monopoly to us, but we aren’t oil experts.9. The English Window TaxAnother English tax? Yes. But this one wasnt on hats. It was on windows, the hats of the house.Wait, aren’t roofs the hats of the house?That’s a common misconception, but no. It’s windows. Don’t ask us why; we didn’t make the rules.In 1696 the Window Tax was instituted. Like the Hat Tax, it was intended to be progressive, as it was only a tax on h omes with more than ten windows. However, because these homes were often multi-family homes owned by landlords, the landlords would often board up multiple windows so that they wouldn’t have to pay the tax. This had a negative health effect on the poor families living within the building, in addition to being, one assumes, very depressing.Whoops!10. The Tennessee Illegal Drug Tax.More and more states are choosing to legalize marijuana, partially so that they can tax it. Tennessee tried to do the latter with harder drugs without doing the former. A bold move indeed.In 2005, Tennessee passed a law requiring drug dealers to anonymously pay taxes on the illegal drugs they sold. They would receive a stamp from the state revenue office, and then if they were arrested and did not have the stamp, they would be hit with tax avoidance penalties on top of their drug charges.It was struck down by the Tennessee Supreme Court in 2009. We can’t imagine why! It seemed foolproof to us.Anyway, we hope this list was a fun diversion from tax time drudgery. Back to the forms you go! If you enjoyed this article, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:The Secret Financial History of VotingHow Have Movie Stars’ Salaries Changed Over Time?Love and Money: A Brief History of DowriesIs There a Secret Money Lesson Hidden In “The Wizard of Oz?”Do you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

Here are the 10 Weirdest Taxes in History

Here are the 10 Weirdest Taxes in History Here Are the 10 of the Weirdest Taxes in History Here Are the 10 of the Weirdest Taxes in HistoryIf you really hate taxes, then may we suggest not getting your bagels sliced in New York City and not wearing a beard in Tsar Peter the Greats Russia.Recently, we’ve been offering all sorts of dreary, serious tax advice articles for everyone in the throes of tax season. Shouldn’t there be at least one article to cut loose and look at the lighter side of taxes?There is! And you’re reading it, buddy. It’s time to find the funny in your financial responsibility to society. The wacka wackas in the W2 forms. The quirks of quarterly filings!But it turns out there aren’t that many funny taxes. So we settled for weird ones instead.Make sure you’ve got all your deductions available, because we’re counting down the Top Ten Weirdest Taxes from Around the World and Throughout History (In No Particular Order)! (Okay, maybe well just go with Ten Weirdest Taxes.)1. The British Hat Tax.England is known for its hats. Or rather, England is known for its hat, singular. Specifically the tall furry one the Beefeater guards who stand outside of the palace wear.Yet those are far from the only hats in England; these days theyre worn all across the whole United Kingdom. But there was a time when hats were considered a mark of luxury and were taxed as such.In 1784, a hat tax was introduced. Hat sellers were required to pay the government for “hat stamps” which were inserted into the inside of their wares. The penalty for forging these stamps? Death.Yes, actually.Hat sellers tried to dodge the tax by renaming their goods, requiring the tax to be amended. It was eventually repealed in 1811, and English heads were free once more.2. The New York Sliced Bagel Tax.New York is known for its bagels. Or rather, New York is known for its bagel, singular. Specifically the tall furry one the Beefeater guards who stand outside the palace wear.Wouldn’t it be funny if we just started every entry that way? No? It wouldn’t be? Ah, wel l never mind then.But New York is actually known for its bagels. What’s less known is that there’s an eight-cent tax throughout the state for getting your bagel sliced, whether or not a schmear is subsequently added. That’s because when the person behind the counter slices the bagel, it’s transformed from a food item you might be planning to bring home to a meal you’re eating in a restaurant.It’s enough to make you say “eh, I’m slicin’ ova he-ah!”3. The Russian Beard Tax.In 1697, Tsar Peter the Great took a trip through Western Europe in disguise. He wanted to study the more “advanced” nations that were currently colonizing and projecting power around the world.When he returned from his trip, he used the knowledge he had gained to reform the Russian military, economy, and general society in ways that allowed Russia to expand its influence. He also came out hard against beards.At the party celebrating his return, Peter opted to shave the faces of all of his gu ests. Beards were not fashionable in Western Europe, and the Tsar saw clean-shaved faces as a sign of modernity. He ruled that beards were no longer allowed.Many throughout Russia objected, however, especially among the Russian Orthodox Church, for whom beards were required. Peter the Great opted for a compromise, charging everyone who desired a beard a progressive tax that was many times pricier for those who could afford to pay more for their facial fuzz.“What about mutton chops?” you ask. We simply don’t know.4. The New Mexico “Being Under The Age of 100” Tax.Most US states charge an income tax of their own, separate from the federal income tax. New Mexico offers a major deduction once you’re over 65 and wipes out your state income tax burden entirely once you turn 100.But is it actually accurate to describe this as a “tax on being under 100?”Yes. Let’s move on.5. The Texas Belt Buckle Tax.Remember when we said that most states in the US levy an income tax? Well , Texas is one of the few that does not! Which means they need to generate revenue through other taxes, like sales tax.And while most clothing items are exempt from sales tax, belt buckles are considered accessories. Cowboy boots are exempt, however. So you can still dress like a cowboy tax-free, albeit with a significantly less shiny midsection.6. The French Salt Tax.You’ve heard about “Let Them Eat Cake” but what about “Let Them Lick Salt?!”The gabelle was a French tax instituted in 1360. It was taxed on various consumer goods, but it came to apply to salt specifically. The clergy and aristocracy were, however, exempt from paying it.Which may be one reason why it showed up on the “Top TK List of Grievances” presented to the Estates-General shortly before the onset of the French Revolution. Then some other things happened. Then the gabelle was repealed.A happy ending for everyone! 7. The Colorado Coffee Lid Tax.Getting your caffeine fix in the “very tall” state ma y require you to choose between risking a hot spill or paying a couple extra cents. Because coffee lids are considered “non-essential” in Colorado, they face a tax should you opt to use one. Given that burn treatments are significantly more expensive, it’s probably worth getting the lid.8. The Egyptian Cooking Oil Tax.Some ancient Egyptian Pharaohs levied a tax on cooking oil. Their subjects were also not allowed to use substitute materials for cooking. The Pharaohs also owned the cooking oil that the subjects had to purchase. Seems a little like an unfair monopoly to us, but we aren’t oil experts.9. The English Window TaxAnother English tax? Yes. But this one wasnt on hats. It was on windows, the hats of the house.Wait, aren’t roofs the hats of the house?That’s a common misconception, but no. It’s windows. Don’t ask us why; we didn’t make the rules.In 1696 the Window Tax was instituted. Like the Hat Tax, it was intended to be progressive, as it was only a tax on h omes with more than ten windows. However, because these homes were often multi-family homes owned by landlords, the landlords would often board up multiple windows so that they wouldn’t have to pay the tax. This had a negative health effect on the poor families living within the building, in addition to being, one assumes, very depressing.Whoops!10. The Tennessee Illegal Drug Tax.More and more states are choosing to legalize marijuana, partially so that they can tax it. Tennessee tried to do the latter with harder drugs without doing the former. A bold move indeed.In 2005, Tennessee passed a law requiring drug dealers to anonymously pay taxes on the illegal drugs they sold. They would receive a stamp from the state revenue office, and then if they were arrested and did not have the stamp, they would be hit with tax avoidance penalties on top of their drug charges.It was struck down by the Tennessee Supreme Court in 2009. We can’t imagine why! It seemed foolproof to us.Anyway, we hope this list was a fun diversion from tax time drudgery. Back to the forms you go! If you enjoyed this article, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:The Secret Financial History of VotingHow Have Movie Stars’ Salaries Changed Over Time?Love and Money: A Brief History of DowriesIs There a Secret Money Lesson Hidden In “The Wizard of Oz?”Do you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legal - 2258 Words

Same-Sex Marriage: Another Discriminatory Bump in the Road â€Å"We hold these Truths to be self evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Declaration of Independence, US 1776). The recognition of same-sex marriage is an issue influenced by numerous factors, and debates continue to arise over whether people in same-sex relationships have the right marriage. Marriage provides many benefits, legally, financially, and personally. Same-sex marriage can open up those in same-sex relationships to tax benefits and financial demands comparable to those afforded to and required of people in opposite-sex marriages. Same-sex marriage also gives them legal protections, such as hospital visitation rights and inheritances. The introduction of same-sex marriage laws has varied by jurisdiction, being variously accomplished through legislative change to marriage laws, a court ruling based on constitutional gu arantees of equality, or by direct popular vote. Various faith communities around the world support allowing those of the same sex to marry, while many major religions oppose same-sex marriage. Why are people so opposed to homosexual marriage if it does not involve or hurt them? Many say it is because they are concerned about the wellbeing of society, despite multiple studies that show that same-sex couples help society and children around the globe.Show MoreRelatedSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1288 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage is not precisely the same as it used to be interpreted. For example, women used to be their husband’s property. Sometimes the women were forced to marry whoever their parents wanted them to marry and most of the time they couldn’t leave the marriage. Nowadays women have more freedom. They can vote, they can run their own business, and they can marry whichever man they want to. The laws change as the people’s mind change. As they get more comfortable with the idea, they become more openRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesSame sex relationships relate to when a man or woman are attracted to someone of the same gender of themselves. It is being rejected as same gender marriage denies the obvious purpose between a man and a women which is procreation (Richardson-Self, 2012). Denying same sex couples the legal right to get married, could mean that they are being denied their basic human rights to enjoy human benefits (Richardson-Self, 2012). However, the opposing view is that if gay marriage was granted the legal rightsRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1403 Words   |  6 PagesSame-Sex Marriage â€Å"I now pronounce you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  At some point in a person’s life, they have heard or will hear those words. What follows, however, has changed somewhat over the years; although, the commitment has remained the same. Those words historically indicate that until the death of a spouse, that couple shall remain together. Who should be able to determine whom that spouse is for that person? Some people judge others for their sexuality and how it is affecting them, but they never stop andRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1144 Words   |  5 PagesGay Marriage There are many issues the revolve around same-sex marriage. Many issues like: Whether same-sex should be legalized and should there be an amendment on same-sex marriage? There are multiple side to view this, but gay marriage but in my opinion gay marriage is socially accepted. it should be legal and it does affect American teens in a broad spectrum of ways. There have been a lot of issues on whether or not same-sex marriage should be legal or not. According to Burns, â€Å" The unionRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal998 Words   |  4 PagesSame sex marriage ought to be legalized on the grounds that it is uncivilized and unmerited. Marriage is a commitment between two people that cherish one another. In almost every country and culture, marriage is a commitment of loyalty and love. Marriage is an authority contract gathering two individuals together, furnishing them with profits of holy matrimony such as tax cuts and clinical privileges. The debate throughout most countries today is whether or not the rights of these profits and commitmentsRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1659 Words   |  7 Pages Same-sex couples can hardly remember a time where they were not fighting for their right to marriage in the United States. After several court cases, California Proposition Six, and their struggle against the Defens e of Marriage Act (DOMA), same-sex couples found their way into U.S. society. Many misguided studies appealed to those opposing same-sex marriage, but after several years of integrating in society, same-sex couples found the support they were looking for. Before the Supreme CourtRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal899 Words   |  4 Pages In the United States, same sex marriage became legal nationwide on June 26, 2015, when the United States Supreme Court overruled the court in favor of same sex freedom and marriage. The victory of same sex marriage came to be recognized from the Obergefell v. Hodges case which was submitted when an American Ohio man was denied and regretted to get his name on his late husband’s death certificate. Same sex marriage has been a controversial social issue in the United States for several decades. SinceRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1491 Words   |  6 PagesSame sex marriage is one of the most debatable issues in the modern world. Marriage has been accepted as the social union between a man and a woman for the past thousand years. Homosexuality was viewed with scorn, and marriages among same sex couples were prohibited in most cultures across the globe. However, gay relationships are slowly obtaining acceptance, as homosexuals have come to be expressive in fighting their rights to marry in the early 90’s. As homosexuality grows in acceptance in theRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal892 Words   |  4 PagesLove Same sex marriage is now allowed in all states across the country. But it took years and years for this â€Å"issue† to be finally laid to rest. The first state to legalize same-sex marriage was Massachusetts in 2004. There was not a last state to legalize gay marriage. The supreme court realized how many states were now legalizing it, so they just had all of the states left legalize it as well. ProCon.org supplies information that â€Å"Twenty-six states were forced to legalize gay marriage becauseRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal2253 Words   |  10 Pages1776). The recognition of same-sex marriage is an issue influenced by numerous factors, and debates continue to arise over whether people in same-sex relationships have the right to marriage. Marriage provides many benefits, legally, financially, and personally. Same-sex marriage can open up those in same-sex relationships to tax benefits and financial demands comparable to those afforded to and required of peo ple in opposite-sex marriages. Same-sex marriage also gives them legal protections, such as

The Internship Final Report Bareminerals - 1935 Words

bareMinerals Internship Final Report bareMinerals by bareEscentuals is a prestigious cosmetic company which creates and sells makeup items that are made from pure, natural, earth ingredients. The company is a corporate based business. A variety of networks and platforms are available to the company for sales. The heritage of the company starts with QVC, the television shopping channel, which is where the bareMinerals foundation gained exposure and popularity. This platform is one of the most popular for the company. Another popular platform is the online store as well as cosmetic retail stores such as Sephora and Ulta. These stores are important to the business as these stores reach more consumers. The company strives to create a connection with all clients and uses the cosmetics to enhance their natural beauty, which is called a make-under. The boutiques and outlets offer services for customers such as consultations, a complimentary make-under and events. A free rewards card, calle d F.A.B. (Friends And Benefits) is available to clients when they make a purchase. This rewards program retains purchase information from each transaction linked to the card, offers the member a complimentary birthday gift each year and shoppers receive multiple discounts throughout the year. F.A.B. members often receive calls from the nearest boutique inviting them in for a birthday make-under, sale or boutique event and also when new products launch. I have pleasure of working in a

Freedom Of Speech Should Not Be Legal - 1644 Words

In today s society we see college as a Location for students to gain education and by the students gaining the education they obtain from colleges they than can use those skills to acquire a job that benefits the society we live in into a positive way. Freedom of speech is the right to express any opinion without being restrained by anyone, expressing ourself in part of being a person in that s what makes up who we are. We could believe in things,people or anything we have strong beliefs in. Students of any college should not be told by any any college officials what they can say and what they cannot say, they should be able to express any beliefs they feel strong about .students should be able to express what they out without being†¦show more content†¦A case that occurred on University of South Alabama is an example of when college official limits the right of Freedom of speech . According to Mitchell, Michael A., Ph.D. (University of South Alabama: Student Directed to Re move Pro-Trump Sign. FIRE. FIRE, 11 Apr. 2017. Web. 10 May 2017) it stated that â€Å"Months after Donald Trump was elected president, a University of South Alabama student was ordered by a campus administrator to remove a â€Å"Trump/Pence 2016† sign from his dorm room window. The administrator cited the university’s tax-exempt 501(c)(3) status, which prohibits the university from endorsing or opposing a political candidate. The student refused, citing the First Amendment. FIRE wrote to the university explaining—for the third time—that 501(c)(3) did not require or permit the university to censor student political speech that no reasonable person would believe to constitute action by the university itself. The university dropped the charges against the student.† It s not right for a college to restrain a student from expressing himself even if they believing something that they don t even agree with. In this case The student had a sign that suppor tsShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Hate Speech1612 Words   |  7 Pages In the name of free speech, hate speech should not be tolerated. Hate speech has devastating effects on the people and communities it is targeted at. Left unchecked hate speech can lead to harmful and violent effects. Over the past few years, the effects of hate speech used on women, homosexuals, ethnic groups and religious minorities have become more and more apparent. Hate speech can be very divisive in many of the situations it is used, depending on who interprets the expression can vary howRead MoreHate Speech And Freedom Of Speech1393 Words   |  6 Pages In the name of free speech, hate speech should not be tolerated. 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Consumer Behavior for Real Life Organization- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theConsumer Behavior for Real Life Organization. Answer: SCRIPT for the PPT on Consumer Behavior Chosen journal reference- Chen, C. Y., Lee, L., Yap, A. J. (2017). Control deprivation motivates acquisition of utilitarian products. Journal of Consumer Research, 43(6), 1031-1047. The journal article of Control deprivation motivates acquisition of utilitarian products has been chosen for this paper to conduct. The research has showed that the fundamental desire for control influence product acquisition. There are seven different experiments that are provided in order to conduct this research. Consumers recompense for loss of the perceived control through buying the utilitarian products like household cleaning products or agents. According to the study 1, the basic impacts of the field setting constituting of real purchases. Whereas, the Study 2 and 3 has framed the products as utilitarian dispassionate the influence of control on the product purchase intentions of the customers. Furthermore, according to study 4 the tendency of problem solving mediates the impact of control on the eagerness to practice the consumption of utilitarian products. The reason for this is that these products are associated with the problem solving. Study 5 demonstrated additional pro of and evidences for the account based in capability which shows that the impact is much more pronounced among the common individuals along with high requirement for the cognitive closure that seek to be decisive and hence, it posses higher need to feel effective. Lastly, the study 6 further demonstrates that the control is restored among the individuals with control deprived that acquire utilitarian products, rather than hedonic ones. Recommendations for a real life organization- For a real life organization, Amazon has been chosen. Amazon is at present one of the largest online shopping chains. They drive anywhere from a quarter to a third of choices that are made by the consumers. In Amazon we see, - People who bought this also bought Hence, people could see a well personalized recommendation there. They have a very big impact on the choice of the consumers but still, people do not completely understand what type of products are more possibly to be accepted by the customer when recommended. The below are some recommendations made for it in the field of this research subject that it can apply. The company could sell their services and products in order to access help in the times the customer needs them the most will make their products the utilitarian one. For example, in the month of winter people do make use of sweaters, blankets etc. Hence, it could showcase such products at the very beginning in the month of winter. With the same, the company could exert increased efforts, which in turn will help in making the people that they are valued. For example, it could offer the customers who conduct maximum purchase with various discounts and free gifts. Furthermore, the organization could also implement different marketer induced tactics in order to make it work.

France Essays (2555 words) - Republicanism In France,

France France Introduction France, which is the largest nation in Western Europe, is a presidential republic. France is a very important nation in Europe and it continues to be involved in contemporary policy issues. Helping the world as one of the great trading nations, France is a very important trading partner with the United States. Not only is France important to the United States, they are also important to countries all over the world. Their abundance of both mineral and agricultural resources make them a very important supplier of products all over the world. I chose to report on France because it is an interesting county and I wanted to learn more about it. Geography France is located in Western Europe and has an area of approximately 211,000 square miles. Along with being the capital, Paris is also the largest city in France. Spain borders France in the south, Italy and Switzerland in the east, and Germany, Luxembourg, and Belgium in the northeast. The French Alps are located in the east where snow capped peaks, such as Mont. Blanc reach heights of 15,781 feet. About one-half of France's total border is formed by coastline, with the Mediterranean Sea on the Southeast and the Atlantic and the English Channel on the west and northwest. Many rivers and canals run through France forming a vast network, tying different regions and cities together. The Seine is the country's largest navigable river. It flows northwest from eastern France through the city of Paris, and empties into the channel at Le Harre. The Rhone River is the largest in the country in terms of volume of discharge. Along with its tributaries, it drains the French Alpine region. Although France has many rivers, it only has a few lakes. One of the lakes in France is Lake Geneva (also known as Lake Leman), but in lies mainly in Switzerland. France is richly endowed with an excellent balance of both mineral and agricultural resources. The nation produces substantial amounts of iron ore. In addition, France has sizable deposits of antimony magnesium, pyrites, tungsten, salt, potash, radioactive materials, lead and zinc. Coal mining has decreased significantly since the 1960's, as many mines have been depleted and are now closed. Currently, the production of natural gas and sulfur is being developed. History France has one of the most complete records of human history in all of Europe. Archaeologists have uncovered artifacts that are more than 100,000 years old. During the 16th century, Protestantism spread across France leading to a number of religious and civil wars. The wars between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics resulted in the massacre of some 3,000 Protestants in Paris on the eve of St. Bartholomew's Day in 1572. The statecraft of such royal advisers as the cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin helped France in becoming the greatest power in Europe during the 17th century. Unfortunately, defeats in a series of costly foreign wars during the 18th century caused France to loose many of their overseas territories, and brought the country near bankruptcy. In 1789 revolution toppled the King, Louis XVI, and proclaimed the rights of man. The French Revolution took a bloody turn and ended in a weak government of five directors. France soon fell into the hands of Napoleon Bonaparte, who ruled from 1799-1814, first as consul, then as emperor. Napoleon's far fetched military ventures ended in 1815 with his downfall. A limited monarchy was restored and, with the exception of a brief republican period (1848-52), brought about the creation of the Third Republic. After WWI, a resistance movement known as Free France was organized in Britain under the leadership of General Charles de Gaulle. Allied and Free French forces liberated France in 1944. Parliamentary democracy was restored to France under the Fourth Republic. Another costly war against nationalist guerrillas in Algeria and other French colonies during the 1950's brought an end to the Fourth Republic. In 1958, Gaulle returned as president of the Fifth Republic. In 1981, France elected its first Socialist president, Francois Mitterand, who served 2 terms until 1995. France's current president, elected in 1995, is Jacques Chirac. People One of the things that make France so unique is the people that live there. Due to the current concerns with making money and being successful, more people are working in France than ever before. Great emphasis is being put on efficiency. Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and it's consumer products. Since the 1940's, the French population has been growing at a rapid rate. The most recent estimate of France's population is 58,804,944 people. This averages out

Technology Has Helped Destroy The Planet Essays

Technology Has Helped Destroy The Planet Essays Technology Has Helped Destroy The Planet Essay Technology Has Helped Destroy The Planet Essay The great visionary Mahatma Gandhi once quoted Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans needs, but not every mans greed. Hence Technology has become a weapon or every man to fulfill his need and wants. But in this process it is Earth which is being destroyed. Oil which is every mans lifeline causes a great deal of destruction during extraction. Searching and extraction of oil requires strip mining, drilling in environmentally sensitive areas which inadvertently results in deforestation and evitable and unnecessary pollution. My opponent may argue that we are using technology to reverse and prevent further damage such as inventing battery charged and low emission cars and using non renewable energy. In fact, a recent study revealed that when the effects of forestation were taken into account, supposedly the clean bio fuels caused higher CA emissions than those caused by the consumption of regular oil. In United States, the use of corn to produce ethanol has resulted in skyrocketing grain prices, leading in turn to severe food shortages in the developing world. In a world where inflation and poverty is a rife do we actually require technology to further become a burden and decrease the standard of living? In Brazil, an explosion in demand for farm-grown fuels has spurred a dramatic explosion of agriculture, which has accelerated the forestation of the Amazon rainforests. So please enlighten me whether these environmentally responsible inventions are further destroying the planet or help in rebuilding it from the ruins. Would like to remind the gathering of the atom bombs dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki which marked the end of the Second World War. My adversary might say that the use of atom bomb did help end the second World War but IS this really the way civilized humans are supposed to end wars ? By unexpectedly killing thousands of innocent men and women? The world was aught off guard by the utter destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the U. S. Dropped the 15 kiloton title Boy and 21 kiloton Fat Man. The two Japanese cities were leveled in seconds, killing hundreds of thousands from the initial blast and later radiation poisoning-This is certainly not the reason God gave us the mental capability to produce something as deadly as a bomb. Technology has to be given into safe hands as it is capable of destroying an entire clan. Gas chambers and Doll Hitler turned into Holocaust and extermination of an entire race. This is not what Humans who re superior and apparently peace loving supposed to do just because we have the power to do it. With Great power comes great responsibility. With technology comes the responsibility to improve the planed and upheld its exclusivity to be so far the only planet with socially and mentally advanced beings: Mankind. Well History has enough examples to demonstrate the adverse usage of technology, but at this very hour, technology is being misused by the bright future of tomorrow the teenagers in an unfriendly manner.

Graduation Rate in WV and Principal's Leadership Dissertation

Graduation Rate in WV and Principal's Leadership - Dissertation Example Principals with good leadership practices focus on the welfare of their students. Leadership is an important component of a school’s performance. It is the set of behavioral patterns exhibited by the principal in attainment of the school’s goals. Good leadership can bring about a positive response from teachers as well as students. Many scholars have established the relationship between principal’s effective leadership and its impact on the student’s performance. The trends in educational leadership have changed. In the past the principal had an administrative role whereas these days he is more involved in improving learning of students. A principal with a good leadership style will encourage teachers to employ different techniques to make students learn rather than let students drop out thereby increasing the graduation rate. Graduation Rate in West Virginia Graduation rate is defined by â€Å"the percentage of students who graduate from high school each year with a regular high school diploma† (Gulbin, 2008. pp.84). The graduation rates are a means to measure how a school is performing. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act passed in 2002 aims at achieving 100% results in reading and mathematics on a national level by the year 2014. According to the Alliance for Excellent Education (2009), 1.3 million High school students in the US drop out of school each year. This has dire consequences on the society in the long run. High dropout rate means that lesser number of people will be qualified to do good jobs and this will reduce the number of Americans in key political as well as professional positions. It also has a lasting impact on economy as High school dropouts eventually become a burden on the society. The average income of a family headed by a dropout has decreased by one third from 1974 to 2004 (Postsecondary Education Opportunity, 2010). In the long run more people will live below poverty line if the current trends contin ue. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) (2010) published the Digest of education statistics: 2009 according to which the 8% of teenagers across the US were dropping out of school. The results in terms of races paint a shocking picture as about 15% of Native American Indians are either dropping out of schools or not enrolled in schools at all. The dropout rates have a correlation with family income, locality of the school, negative school climate and the leadership of the school. Graduation rate has implications on overall society as students who drop out find it harder to make a living and become a burden n the society. In West Virginia, 72% students graduated with a regular high school diploma in the year 2010-2011 as reported by Alliance for Excellent Education (Understanding High School Graduation Rates in West Virginia, n.d). The America’s Health Rankings, 2011 edition describes the high school graduation rate for the period 1990-2011 (see Figure 1). Figur e 1: West Virginia High School Graduation Rate (1990-2011) (America’s Health Rankings, 2011) As pointed out by the Institute for Educational Leadership (2000), learning is dependent upon leadership. Effective leadership in schools can bring down the dropout rates by improving the performance of students. The principal plays a mediating role between the teachers and students and has a direct as well as indirect effect on their achievements. The leadership

American Foreign Policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

American Foreign Policy - Assignment Example aling with the two determinant factors differ between the realist approach and the idealist approach; the two approaches that have been exercised by different American leaders while each still adopts the same objectives of foreign policy1. How do these divergent approaches achieve foreign policy with the same goals? We analyze the realist foundations upon which President Bush’s administration was based versus the idealist foundations upon which President Obama’s administration is based. To achieve this, the paradigms of realism which underlay Bush’s foundation are hereafter explored2. The tenets of realism that Bush administration grew on included: firstly, nations or countries are the vital targets of foreign policy but their interactions complicate the attempts to influence their inherent natures. Second, a state’s material resource base (regarded as its power) relative to others determines its projected interests. The more the resource base the more it seeks to expand its political influence over lesser nations with cost/benefit analysis subtly influencing any relationships born. Therefore, according to realists, American power could and should be used to restrain states that could clearly harm the U.S. and its interests, (American interests are considered here to encompass political and economic)3.This disposition clearly enumerates those nations whose economies are currently emerging with the threat of toppling United States off the perch. This is an obvious manifestation of how realistic opinions in foreign policy formulation propose war with other n ations which may not have declared war on America. As it will be stated in the course of the discussion, realists use military interventions to solve such threats. It is important to see this misguided application of military on economical wars. In fact the undertones of U.S. being in pursuit of resources from other countries, mostly oil, and wary of emergent nations like China have been growing louder.

The Differential Association Theory Criminology Essay

The Differential Association Theory Criminology Essay Theories within criminology try to explain why and how crime occurs. This is done through examining various facts that are related to the individuals criminal behaviour and the crime they commit. There are a wide range of theories which can be used to explain the causes of crime and deviant behaviour from youths. Youth crime is a major issue in society; this essay will discuss three theories, the differential association theory, the labelling theory and the rationale choice theory. The theories will discussed and how they can explain crime will also be discussed, then a comparison of the theories will be given in order to identify their strengths and weaknesses in explaining youth crime. The differential association theory is one of the most valued theories within criminology. This theory was first discovered by Edwin Sutherland (1947), he developed the differential association theory in order to explain how youths engage in acts of criminal behaviour. This theory defines criminal behaviour as learnt behaviour which is acquired through social contact with other individuals (Hollin, 2007:). This theory explains how individuals learn how to engage in criminal behaviour through their attitudes, drive and motive behind the criminal act. An individual is most likely to be involved in criminal behaviour if they spend numerous amount of time with a person who has a criminal background and believes that breaking the law is acceptable. Furthermore Sutherland (1974) identifies nine main factors that can be used to explain why a person engages in criminal behaviour. This essay will now explain the nine factors in detail. The first factor that Sutherland believes is the reason as to why an individual engages in criminal behaviour is because the behaviour is learned. Sutherland and Cressey (1960) believe that the actions of an individual are influenced by the people they associate with. It is believed that because the individual main association is with their family, as that is whom they have grown up and live with, so therefore the individual social values and norms are formulated from them. Sutherland also stated that learned behaviour is not invented, nor is it inherited The skills and techniques required for an individual to engage criminal activity are not automatically obtained from birth, or through association with criminals, instead they are acquired through a process of learning (Sutherland Cressey, 1960: 123). The second principle refutes the idea that criminal behaviour is learned through the individual witnessing deviant or criminal behaviour. Instead this believes that criminality is learned behaviour though interaction with others in the process of communication. At a very young age children are accustomed to the norms of society, they are taught the roles of both a genders by people around them. They also learn these roles by observing the male or female characteristics relating to the specific gender. For example an individual may learn about prostitution through witnessing the nonverbal responses of these others towards the activity, such as rolling the eyes or staring and through discussions with people who engage in that activity (Sutherland Cressey, 1960: 123). Also Curran (2001) stated that communication is an example of how criminals are misled into a life of crime and deviant behaviour (Curran, 2001: 143). The third principle states that individuals commit crime because they are influenced by the behaviour of intimate people such as family members and close friends. Methods of communication from television and or media are less effective in influencing the individual (Sutherland and Cressey, 1960: 123). The fourth factor from Sutherlands theory is that learning criminal behaviour involves learning specific techniques, drives, motives and rationalization. Having a primary group of people around does not necessarily mean that the individual will engage in crime, but it does mean that they have the resources into the criminal rationale. For example being around a person who is has been convicted of sexual offence, may give the individual knowledge into how to engage in the same crime, but the individual may choose not to engage in that crime because they know from their socialization of societal norms that a sexual offence is unacceptable (Sutherland and Cressey, 1960: 123). Curran (2001) believes that the specific direction of motives and attitudes is learned from definitions of legal codes such as favourable and unfavourable.The fifth factor can be noticed when considering cultures form the United Kingdom and the United States. Both countries have various cultures within them and eac h culture has different perceptions as to what is favourable and unfavourable within society and this can cause a cultural conflict. The individuals pro-criminal or anti-criminal intentions are developed based on learned conceptions of the law as either favourable or unfavourable (Sutherland Cressey, 1960:123) The most important principle within the differential association theory is the sixth principle, which is when individuals associate themselves with people that engage in criminal behaviour and believe it is acceptable. Sutherland argues that an individual becomes delinquent only when definitions favourable to violation of law exceed definitions unfavourable to violation of law (Sutherland Cressey, 1960: 123).The seventh and eight factor states that the association vary in duration, priority, frequency and intensity. (Sutherland Cressey, 1960: 123 124). For example, if a young child is raised by a drug user they will be exposed to stronger definitions of deviant behaviour and will be more to likely to engage in deviant behaviour, than a teenager who has witnesses someone taking drugs at a party.The final principle believes that even though criminal behaviour is an expression of needs and values, it cannot be explained by those needs because criminal behaviour is an expression of th e same needs and values (Sutherland Cressey,1960: 124). For example if two individuals where both motivated by a need to gain money and respect, but one person engage in criminal behaviour in order to get the money and respect. Whereas the other person engaged in conforming behaviour. So therefore the need for money and respect cannot be used as an explanation for an individual to commit crime. The second theory that will be discussed is labelling theory. This theory claims that deviance and conformity does not emerge from the individuals actions, but rather from how others respond to the actions. Marcionis and Plummer (2005) state that labelling theory highlights social response to crime and deviance. The labelling theory became dominant in the early 1960s and the late 1970s when it was used as a sociological theory of crime influential in challenging orthodox positivity criminology. The main academics in this theory were Becker and Lement. Lement (1951) first established the view of deviant, and later developed by Becker (1963). Labelling theory has become a dominant paradigm in the explanation of deviance. This theory is created by the assumption that deviant behaviour is to be not only by the violation of norms within society, but also by any behaviour which is defined as labelled or deviant. Deviance is not the act itself, but the responses other individuals give to th e act. Becker (1963) believed that social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitute deviance, and by applying those rules to particular individuals and labelling them as outsiders. He also stated that deviance is not the act that the individual commits, but the consequences of the application of others by rules and sanctions to an offender. And the deviant one is whom the label has successfully been applied to. Deviance has been distinguished into primary and secondary deviance by Lement (1951). Lement described primary deviance as little reactions from others which have little effect on an individuals self-concept and secondary deviance as people pushing the deviant individual out of the social circle, which can therefore cause the individual to seek the company of people who condone deviant behaviour. Lement (1951) further argued that instead of viewing crime as a leading to control, it may be more productive to view crime as something with control agencies structured. Secondary deviance leads Goffman (1963) to define deviant career. Goffman stated that people who acquire a stigma which is a powerful negative label which changes a persons self-concept and social identity. Criminal prosecution is one way in which an individual is labelled in a negative, rather than positive way. Scheff (1984) believes that stigmatizing people can often lead to retrospective labelling, which is the understa nding of an individuals past with the present deviance. Scheff (1984) also believes that retrospective labelling distorts an individuals life in a prejudicial way guided by stigma and this is an unfair thing to do. Stigmatizing young people may actually lead them into a deviant career. Howard Becker (1963) claimed that social groups create deviance by labelling individuals as outsiders. Through an application of infraction constitute deviance. Furthermore labelling theorys approach to deviance mainly concentrates on the social reaction to a deviant act committed by an individual as well as the interaction process that leads up to the labelling. This theory therefor suggests that too much attention has been given to criminals by criminology because criminology views criminals as types of people alongside the insufficient attention to the collection of social control responses. This therefore means that the police, law, media and public association help shape crime. This is supported by the conflict theory which shows how deviance reflects on inequalities and power. This approach may also signify that the cause of crime may be linked to inequalities of race, class and gender. The conflict theory links deviance to the power of norms and the imagery of the rich and pow erful, which the law society supports. The concept of secondary deviance, stigma and deviant career all demonstrate how individuals can incorporate the label of deviance into a lasting self-concept . Becker (1963) believes that labelling is a practical act that has made politicians aware of which rules to enforce and what behaviour they should regard as deviant. The effects upon an individual being publically labelled deviant have been examined by Becker (1963) he believes that a label is an unbiased onion, which contains an evaluation of the individual to whom it is applied. The labelling theory will be a master label in term of captivating over all other statuses the individuals are under. For example if one is labelled as a paedophile, criminal or homosexual it will be difficult for the individual to overlook these labels and see themselves in positive roles such a parent, friend, worker and neighbour. Other people will view that individual and respond to them according to the label, also they will assume that the indi vidual has the negative characteristics associated with the label. Eventually the individual will view themselves in that label because their self-concept is derived from the responses of others. This can then produce a self-fulfilling prophecy where the deviant becomes the controlling one. The third theory that will be discussed is the strain theory. Unlike the differential association and labelling, this theory believes that social structures within society can influence individuals to commit crimes. Merton (1938) suggests that there are two types of important elements of social structure. These elements are the cultural goals, the function of the goals and interests The second element is how phases of the social structure define how society can go about achieving these goals, by placing regulations and creating laws (Merton, 1938: 673). Merton (1938) demonstrates four responses to this strain. The first, conformity, Merton suggests that people who take this path subscribe to cultural goals and go about achieving these goals by using societys institutionalized means. The second path, innovation, suggests that when a person finds that an obstacle inhibits the ability to achieve the cultural goals, the person will not use institutionalized means; rather, they will emplo y other means. The third path, ritualism, describes a person that will reject the culture goals of society, but use its institutions as an avenue for advancement. The fourth, is the polar opposite of the path of conformity such that a person who is retreatist will reject cultural goals and its institutionalized means, people that take this path are people who essentially are not part of society (Tim Newburn, 2007: 176). The American dream is a popular culturally defined goal, Merton argued, which through honest-dedicated work, anyone can achieve this dream of wealth. Society defines what avenues are to be considered legitimate to achieve this goal, for example, earning a college degree and earning a high paying job would be a legitimate path as defined by our society. Since wealth in American is not distributed equally Merton (1938) argued that strain often occurs for those who are undercapitalized and do not have access to these legitimate means. (Tim Newburn, 2007:175 176). Strain theory can cause negative feelings from the outside environment. These feelings include fear, defeat and despair, the most applicable feeling that can occur is anger. Agnew (1992) emphasised that individuals become angry when they blame their negative relationships and circumstances on others (Agnew, 1992: 59). An individual is incited with anger, low inhibitions and they begin to create a desire for revenge (Agnew, 1992: 60). Agnew stated that individuals who are subjected to repetitive strain are more likely to engage in delinquent and criminal acts, this is due to the fact that the individual becomes aggressive because they are unable to cope and the negative strain may become too much for them (Agnew, 1992: 61). Overall all three theories give a good explanation of youth crime. The similarity between these theories is they all aim to give a detailed explanation as to why individuals engage in crime and deviance. Differential association theory believes that all behaviour is learned and so therefore deviant behaviour is also learned. This theory focuses on key variables such as the age of the learner, the intensity of contact with the deviant person whom they learn from and the amount of good and bad social contacts they have in their lives. Whereas the labelling theory explains deviance as a social process where individuals are able to define others as deviant. This theory emphasises on the fact that deviance is relative and the individual only becomes deviant when they are labelled. Alongside this strain theory explains deviance as the outcome of social strains within the way society is structured. Not all theories give a good explanation for tackling youth crime, the labelling theory states that the label is the route of criminal behaviour, this is not a good explanation because there is a reason an individual becomes a burglar, not because they have been labelled as one. The individual is aware that their actions are deviant and that they are breaking the law. Some academics believe that there should be more research into the labelling theory and why individuals engage in criminal behaviour. The left realist have stated that the idea of avoiding labelling in order to avoid deviance is unrealistic. Also Aker (1967) criticised the labelling theory for claiming that deviants are normal individuals who have been labelled. However the labelling theory fails to explain why some individuals are labelled and some are not. Another criticism of the labelling theory is that it is possible to reject the label. Becker (1963) claimed that once an individual is labelled and accepts the devi ant behaviour, all their other qualities become irrelevant and the label becomes their master status. However there are examples that show it is possible to reject the label. This example comes from Reiss (19610 study on young male prostitutes. Although the males engage in homosexual behaviour they regard this behaviour as work and still maintain their straight image despite working as prostitutes. This study shows that the labelling theory is open to negotiation as some individuals reject the label. Differential association theory and the strain theory can be used to tackle youth crime. The differential association accepts that criminal behaviour is evident across all social classes, and that criminal attitudes and behaviour is learned through interaction with influential groups. In order to tackle youth crime the government will need to introduce organizations that aim at using positive role models to encourage young individuals who do not have positive role models in their lifes. By doing so individuals can learn positive behaviour instead of deviant behaviour from people who engage in unacceptable behaviour. The differential theory has been criticised in Glueck (1956) article on Theory and fact in Criminology. Glueck stated that it is difficult to measure the frequency, duration, priority and intensity of an individuals association, so therefore this males it impossible to predict and measure how associations result in the learning of criminal behaviour. It could be argued th at the individual did not learn criminal behaviour from an intimate social group, because the duration, frequency, priority and intensity was not sufficient. Glueck (1956) argued that if there is no sufficiency then the theory is not falsifiable which therefore males it defective. Finally the strain theory can be used to tackle youth crime because it explains the strains with society that may influence individuals to engage in criminal activity. This theory can enable the government to improve the social structure within society, for example providing more employment and better education opportunities. Strain theory has been criticised by Cohen (1955) who stated that the theory can be accounted for some but not all deviant behaviour. Cohen also criticised Mertons theory of strain for being too individualistic in describing the adaptations to strain (Pfohl, 1994: 269).

Anayas Bless Me, Ultima: A Psychological Critique of Religions Essay

Christianity, Judaism, Islam. These are only a few of the many religions in this world. How does one choose which religion to follow? Is it their background, nationality, belief, or because that’s the only thing they have always known or come in contact with? The concept of religion is a complex one, a concept to be investigated and questioned. This is the journey that Antonio Marex Luna explores in Rudolfo Anaya’s (1972) Chicano novel Bless Me, Ultima. Throughout the novel, Antonio fights a psychological war in his mind about all the religions and faiths that surround him in his everyday routine. All his life he was raised to believe in God, and as a result he grew to be a devote Catholic. However, some of his beliefs alter when Ultima, a curandera, comes to live with his family. By witnessing her mysterious powers, Antonio begins to question his beliefs. For many years following Ultima’s arrival Antonio balanced the religions of both worlds, by praying to the Virgin Mary while his brothers were away at war, as well as helping Ultima pick and care for her many magical herbs. At first, he didn’t compare the two faiths, but as time went on, he knew it was time to choose which path he wanted to follow into his future. It was his mother’s dream for Antonio to grow to be a priest and be considered a leader of the people and he deeply wanted to grant his mother’s wish. Even at the young age of 6, he would act priestly by blessing those who were in most need. For example, he was there for Narciso’s his last confession and performed the man’s last rites as he lay on his deathbed. Antonio also put a blessing over his brothers so that they would be safe as they left home. Throughout the novel, Antonio suffered an excessive ... ...the carp, he witnessed something elemental, magical, and miraculous without much effort and continued to hear the stories told with great detail and logic. With further investigation he concludes that the legend of the Magic Carp could have very well taken place. With these two concepts of religion, Antonio battles and organizes his thoughts through questions and observation. At certain points he believes that he will be sent to hell for believing in the stories of the King of the Fish. After all, the golden carp is a natural, pagan deity compared to the Christian God Antonio is used to worshipping. But in the end, that too is the teachings of Ultima’s wisdom, Antonio realizes he must learn to live in a world in which Catholicism and the golden carp can coexist, and he must grow to impart knowledge and enlightenment from all the spiritual forces in his life.

Conventional and organic food products Essay

While conventional food products are still dominating American market, the phrase â€Å"healthy eating† is gradually gaining popularity. To supplement this new trendy belief, a wave of organic products is sweeping across this nation’s grocery stores. But do people really realize the differences between conventional and organic products as they mound their shopping carts? Do they know that the main differences between the two categories of foods actually lie in their processing procedures, advertising strategies, and product ingredients? When people look at an organic product, the first thing they are most likely to notice is its cost. Which, under normal circumstances, is remarkably higher than average products. Since people have the misconception that the word â€Å"organic† on food labels means â€Å"all natural,† they accepted this phenomenon as a necessary price to pay for a healthy life, but it merely indicates that the product is minimally processed and is preservative free. The true reason behind the intimidating price of organic product is because organic production prohibits the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides as well as genetic manipulation of plants. These standards require greater labor input from organic farmers to provide a purer product, and at the same time help to protect our environment. People expect a â€Å"fair price† for conventional foods, because they are well informed of its manufacturing process. Modern machinery allows factories to undergo mass-production, thus little manual labor is required. This not only leads to increments in the yield, but also lowers the overall cost of production. Though the reasonable price of conventional products is beneficial to one’s budget, chemical preservatives are used during the manufacturing process. Conventional cropping practices may also include a combination fungicide/insecticide treatment to protect the seed from soil diseases and insects, which poses potential harm to our health and environment. Since the prices of organic products are far from alluring, and at the same time tend to have less variety, organic producers advertise their products by their nutritional appeals. Ostentatious statements such as â€Å"good for  life†, or â€Å"nature’s best† are printed unsparingly on the packages; accompanied by idealized pictures of nature. TV commercials for organic products are rarely seen; if people happen to see one, they will find themselves viewing a beautiful field of crops or a lively farm with cows mooing and chickens cackling. A middle-aged man in agrarian overalls will then come along to accentuate the freshness of their products with earnest. The popular demand for conventional food generates large profit for conventional food producers, which enables them to innovate more varieties of products and to advertise their products more efficiently on TV commercials. The majority of these commercials take place away from rural settings; they are either in a nice house, a fancy restaurant, or some imaginary land. While the well-dressed actors and actresses are feasting on the food products, a confident male voice will pop up in the background to announce that their products are better than those of others. Other than well-animated TV commercials, imagery also plays a key role in packaging. The producers wrap their products up in boxes that are covered by bright colors and decorated with popular food icons to attract consumers’ attention. Messages such as â€Å"50% more volume† or â€Å"free CD inside† can also be found on packages for promotion purposes. Nutritionists are placing an unprecedented amount of emphasize on organic products, which makes people feel compelled to read the list of ingredients before buying it. That’s when the buyers will be pleasantly surprised to discover that they can actually understand the list. For instance, the ingredients of organic milk are simply: certified organic grade A milk, and Vitamin D3. This unique feature not only helps consumers to identify an organic product, but also provides a sense of security when people consume the product. When people pick up a conventional product, they glance at it to check for defects, and then toss it into the cart. It is unlikely that anyone is going to read the ingredient list closely. Not only because people are so used to the products they use, that they tend to neglect the details, but also because the ingredient list of a conventional product is nearly meaningless  to the consumers. Reading the ingredient list of a processed food is like reading data from a chemistry book; it is incomprehensible and boring. For example, a simple bottle of conventional milk can consist up to four kinds of added chemicals. Therefore, the long list of scientific components does nothing more than bewilders the customers. Even though organic foods differ from conventional foods in many aspects, study shows that there are no substantial differences between their taste and safety. Buying an organic product is more of an act of protecting the environment than promoting one’s own health. If consumers’ budget allows, they should buy more organic products, because it is a simple way of giving back to the Mother Nature, and help to preserve biological stability on earth.

Charity Marketing Analysis NSPCC Free Essay Example, 3000 words

Body Q1 Social marketing strategies have been adopted by UK government in order to create long term impact on public welfare and health. Social marketing can be defined as a mechanism which is utilized to attract target audience’s attention so as to benefit society along with the individual. This method is based on developing, communicating, exchanging and delivering offerings. Social marketing facilitates positive value creation for partners, individuals, society and clients (Fill, Hughes and Francesco, 2013). The term social marketing was found in 1971 by Zaltman and Kotler. There have been a lot of studies conducted on social marketing concept. This concept encompasses four important principles like exchange, segmentation, 4Ps and competition. The exchange principle outlines that behaviour of people is changed due to receiving a particular thing in exchange. It is predicted, receivables in exchange have greater value and less barriers in comparison to alternatives (Napoli, 2006). Social marketing is not inclined towards providing benefits to marketer rather it influences behavioural aspect of society. This approach comprises of wide range of theories like psychological theory, consumer behaviour, psychodynamics, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Charity Marketing Analysis: NSPCC or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Funders are often observed not to have a clear understanding about social marketing but they play a vital role in sustaining these practices. There lies a difference between target group and funders in non-profit sector. The first stage of social marketing is planning which comprises of marketing mix. However social marketing focuses on additional P’s known as publics, partnerships and policy. Purpose indicates the social issue of a social marketing plan like pollution reduction, water quality, etc. UK government over the years have supported development and implementation of wide array of social marketing campaigns. All these campaigns revolve around creating a better society and enhancing well-being of individuals. One of the most influential social marketing campaigns of UK was ‘change 4 life’. England encompasses a decent percentage of population who are either obese or overweight (Bruce, 2013). The major objective of UK gove rnment while designing this creative campaign was to retain healthy weight in the society. On basis of this campaign child obesity was supposed to be reduced by a desirable percentage. UK government through this campaign was running a cross-government strategy. It mainly comprised of investing into wide scale of measures like increased funding for early years and pregnancy.